Kev ua tiav ntawm cov pwm tsim
Cov pwm tsim los ntawm ntau qhov chaw, qhov zoo ntawm cov feem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov zoo ntawm cov pwm, thiab qhov zoo kawg ntawm cov seem tau lees tias los ntawm cov khoom tiav tiav, yog li nws yog qhov tseem ceeb los tswj qhov kev ua tiav ntawm kev tshuab. Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom lag luam tsim pwm hauv tsev, cov hau kev siv hauv cov theem tiav yog feem ntau sib tsoo, EDM thiab kev ua lej kev txiav. Hauv cov qib no, ntau cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb, xws li kev hloov kho deformation, kev ntxhov siab sab hauv, qauv duab kev zam thiab qhov ntev ntawm qhov tseeb, yuav tsum tswj tau zoo. Hauv kev tsim ntau lawm, kev ua haujlwm yog qhov nyuaj dua, tab sis tseem muaj ntau cov qauv kev ua tau zoo los siv rau kev siv.
Raws li qhov sib txawv thiab cov duab ntawm qhov sib txawv, kev ua cov pwm ntawm cov ntu tuaj yeem raug muab faib ua peb pawg: phaj, seem tshwj xeeb seem thiab ncej. Cov txheej txheem sib xws yog ntxig raws li hauv qab no: kev siv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws - kev kho cua sov (quenching thiab tempering) - zoo sib tsoo - hluav taws xob machining - fitter (kho saum npoo) - sib dhos ua.
1. Kev kho cua sov ntawm ntu
Hauv cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov ntawm feem, thaum lub zog ntawm qhov chaw yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, kev ntxhov siab sab hauv yuav tsum raug tswj kom paub meej qhov ntev ntawm qhov chaw ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom thaum ua haujlwm. Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv nyias muaj nyias kev kho mob. Nrog rau kev txhim kho pwm kev lag luam hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, ntau thiab ntau hom khoom siv tau siv. Ntxiv rau Cr12, 40Cr, Cr12MoV thiab cemented carbide, rau qee cov convex thiab concave tuag nrog lub zog ua haujlwm siab thiab cov kev ntxhov siab loj, cov ntaub ntawv tshiab xws li V10 thiab asp23 tuaj yeem xaiv, uas muaj lub siab thermal stability thiab microstructure zoo.
Rau cov ntu ua los ntawm Cr12MoV, txoj kev kho mob quenching yog nqa tawm tom qab tshuab ntxhib. Tom qab quenching, muaj kev ntxhov siab loj nyob hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm, uas yooj yim los ua rau tawg hauv qhov kawg lossis ua haujlwm. Tom qab quenching, seem yuav tsum tau tempered thaum kub kom tshem tawm cov quenching kev ntxhov siab. Kev tswj kub kom txias yog tswj tau ntawm 900-1020 ℃, thiab tom qab ntawd txias mus rau 200-220 air rau cov cua txias, thiab tom qab ntawd rov qab sai sai rau lub cub tawg rau tempering ntawm 220 ℃. Cov qauv no yog hu ua txheej txheem ib zaug tawv, uas tuaj yeem tau txais lub zog ntau dua thiab hnav tsis kam, thiab muaj cov nyhuv zoo dua ntawm cov pwm nrog hnav raws li daim ntawv tsis ua haujlwm lub ntsiab. Qee qhov chaw ua haujlwm nrog ntau cov ces kaum thiab cov duab puab yeej tau ntsib hauv kev tsim khoom, thiab kev npau taws yog qhov tsis txaus kom tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab. Ua ntej xaus, kev ntxhov siab nyem annealing lossis kev kho ntau yam kev laus yuav tsum ua kom tiav kev ntxhov siab.
Rau V10, aps23 thiab lwm cov hmoov alloy steel qhov chaw, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem tiv tau qhov kub thiab txias tsis txaus, theem ob txheej txheem tawv tuaj yeem siv thaum quenching, 1050-1080 ℃ quenching, tom qab ntawd 490-520 ℃ qhov kub ntawm lub siab thiab ntau zaus, tuaj yeem tau txais qhov cuam tshuam loj nruj thiab ruaj khov, uas yog haum rau tus tuag nrog lub ntsiab tsis ua haujlwm hom chipping ntug. Tus nqi ntawm cov hmoov hlau alloy steel yog qhov siab, tab sis nws cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab nws tau tsim txoj hauv kev thov dav.
2. Sib tsoo ntawm qhov
Nws muaj peb lub ntsiab ntawm kev sib tsoo tshuab: nto grinder, sib tsoo sab hauv thiab sab nraud thiab cuab yeej grinder. Hauv kev siv ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm kev sib tsoo, lub cim ntawm kev sib tsoo deformation thiab kev sib tsoo tawg yuav tsum tau tswjhwm nruj. Txawm tias cov khoom tawg me me yuav raug nthuav tawm hauv kev coj ua tom ntej. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom noj ntawm cov sib tsoo zoo yuav tsum yog me me, tsis loj, cov coolant yuav tsum muaj txaus, thiab qhov chaw nrog dimension kam rau ua tsis pub dhau 0.01mm yuav tsum tau grinded ntawm qhov kub kom ntau li ntau tau. Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm kev txiav txim siab tias thaum qhov kub kub sib txawv ntawm 300 hli ntev steel daim yog 3 ℃, cov khoom siv tau hloov pauv txog 10.8 μ m, 10.8 = 1.2 × 3 × 3 (1.2 μ M / ℃ ib 100 hli deformation )). Cov cawv ntawm qhov ua tau zoo yuav tsum ua tib zoo txiav txim siab hauv txhua txoj kev ua tiav.
Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev los xaiv lub log hniav sib tsoo rau qhov sib tsoo zoo. Hauv kev pom ntawm lub siab vanadium thiab siab molybdenum kev mob ntawm cov hlau tuag, nws yog qhov tsim nyog xaiv xaiv GD ib leeg siv lead ua corundum log. Thaum machining nyuaj alloy thiab cov khoom siv nrog high quenching hardness, lub pob zeb diamond log nrog organic binder yog dua. Lub sib tsoo lub log nrog cov organic binder muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev sib tsoo thiab qhov chaw ntawm kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ncav cuag RA = 0.2 μ M. nyob rau xyoo tas los no, nrog kev txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thov, CBN sib tsoo lub log, piv txwv li CBN log, qhia tau zoo heev machining nyhuv Cov. Qhov ua tau zoo dua zoo dua li lwm yam kev sib tsoo log hauv CNC sib tsoo sib tsoo, koom tes sib tsoo tshuab, CNC sab hauv thiab sab nraud sib tsoo. Hauv cov txheej txheem sib tsoo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kho txoj kev sib tsoo hauv lub sijhawm kom nws cov lus sib dhos. Thaum lub tshuab hniav sib tsoo passivated, nws yuav txhuam thiab nyem rau saum npoo ntawm workpiece, uas ua rau hlawv ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm cov haujlwm workpiece thiab txo nws lub zog.
Feem ntau ntawm cov phaj hauv cov txheej txheem yog ua los ntawm cov sib tsoo saum npoo. Hauv kev ua tiav, ib hom ntev thiab nyias phaj phaj feem ntau tau ntsib, uas yog qhov nyuaj rau txheej txheem. Vim hais tias nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev siv lub tshuab, nyob rau hauv kev nqus ntawm qhov sib nqus lub zog, qhov chaw ua haujlwm tawg thiab cuam tshuam rau saum npoo ntawm lub rooj ua haujlwm. Thaum lub workpiece raug tshem tawm lawm, qhov workpiece yuav rov qab mus rau kev deformation, thiab cov tuab ntsuas yog tib yam, tab sis cov kab ntsig tsis sib thooj tsis ncav raws li qhov xav tau. Txoj kev daws teeb meem tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm sib nqus sib cais sib tsoo hom. Thaum sib tsoo, qhov siab sib npaug ntawm qhov siab tso rau hauv qab qhov chaw ua haujlwm, thiab plaub sab thaiv yog siv los tiv thaiv nws. Thaum machining, pub me me thiab ntau lub teeb rab riam siv, thiab cov machining zoo Tom qab ib sab, nws tsis tas yuav ncoo qhov sib luag qhov siab thaiv rau cov ntawv tshaj tawm ncaj qha, kom thiaj li txhim kho qhov sib tsoo thiab ua tau raws li cov cai ntawm parallelism. Cov.
Cov thooj hlau muaj qhov chaw uas tig tau, thiab sab hauv thiab sab nraud grinder thiab cuab yeej grinder yog siv dav hauv lawv txoj kev ua. Nyob hauv txoj kev siv tshuab, taub hau thiab sab saum toj yog sib npaug nrog daim npav npav. Yog tias muaj teeb meem ntawm kev khiav tawm, cov haujlwm txheej txheem ua haujlwm tseem yuav muaj qhov teeb meem no, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov ntu. Yog li no, kev pom ntawm lub taub hau thiab sab saum toj yuav tsum ua kom zoo ua ntej yuav machining. Thaum sib tsoo lub qhov taub sab hauv, lub coolant yuav tsum tau muab nchuav rau hauv qhov chaw sib tsoo kom thiaj li ua haujlwm sib tsoo ntawm qhov sib tsoo. Txhawm rau machining nyias-walled ncej qhov chaw, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv lub tshuab clamping, thiab lub zog clamping yuav tsum tsis txhob loj heev, txwv tsis pub nws yog qhov yooj yim tsim "sab hauv" ntawm qhov ncig ntawm lub workpiece.
