Plastics tau siv dav thiab ntau hom, nrog tsuas yog ib qho" cov yas dav dav phau ntawv" ntawm ze li ntawm ib txhiab nplooj ntawv. Daim ntawv no vam tias yuav pab koj to taubplasticsthiab nkag siab cov plastics kom raug.
1. Tsiaj, polyethylene terephthalate
Cov ntawv tseem ceeb:
Cov feem ntau tau siv los ua cov taub dej haus, tshuaj ntsuam tus tiv thaiv thiab lwm tus tiv thaiv pob tshab. Tsiaj kuj tuaj yeem ua spun, uas yog qhov peb nquag hu ua polyester. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub caij Olympic Games, muaj lus tshaj tawm tias cov dej haus tau rov qab los siv tau los ua khaub ncaws. Muaj ntau cov khaub ncaws ua kis las uas nrhiav kev ua kom lub cev muaj sia thiab chaw txav tau yooj yim yog ua los ntawm polyester. Dacron, cov ntaub ntaub nrov ntev dhau los, kuj tau ua ntawm Dacron. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias txoj kev tig rov qab thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, cov khaub ncaws dacron tsis tau xis nyob li lawv tam sim no. Ntxiv rau, tsiaj muaj ntau daim ntawv thov engineering.
Nco ntsoov siv:
Nws yog qhov tsis zoo, tab sis monomers, oligomers thiab los ntawm cov khoom lag luam xws li diethylene glycol yuav nyob hauv cov txheej txheem ua kom muaj zog, uas muaj tshuaj lom rau qee yam. Muaj cov qauv nruj ntawm lub teb chaws rau PET raw khoom siv hauv cov fwj dej haus.
Tsiaj muaj lub siab yaj tas hauv cov yas. Txawm li cas los xij, lub raj mis dav dav tsis pom zoo kom rov siv dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov dej rhaub. Vim tias PET lub raj mis feem ntau nyias, nws yog tsim los ntawm tshuab moulding. Thaum lub raj mis lub cev ua kom sov txog txog 90 due, vim tias rov ua dua tshiab ntawm PET molecular saw thiab muaj kev ntxhov siab sab hauv, lub raj mis yuav ntswj thiab sib cog lus, uas yog ib qho yooj yim ua rau mob scald. Ntxiv rau, qhov kub siab dua yuav ua rau kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tshem tawm cov mob phem hauv cov ntaub ntawv.
2. PE, polyethylene (HDPE: HDPE; LDPE: LDPE)
Cov ntawv tseem ceeb:
Tam sim no, PE yog siv yas siv feem ntau. Nrog kev pab ntawm kev hloov kho sib txawv, PE tuaj yeem siv rau txhua yam hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Cov sawv daws muaj xws li cov thawv yas, zaj duab xis, phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm daim ntawv khob, dej yeeb nkab thiab cable sheath, thiab lwm yam.
Nco ntsoov siv:
PE nws tus kheej yog non-toxic. Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov kev tsim ua lossis hloov kho AIDS, xws li cov tub lim dej, lub tshuab nqus lossis cov xim ci, yuav siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom. Qee qhov quav ntxiv yog tshuaj lom. Cov khoom PE yuav muag muag lossis qhuav rau ntawm qhov kub, yog li nws yuav tsum zam kom tsis txhob siv thaum 100 ℃ siab dua cov dej kub npau npau.
3. PVC
Cov ntawv tseem ceeb:
PVC tam sim no feem ntau siv los ua qee cov tawv tsiaj pheej yig, ko taw mats, dej kav dej, thiab lwm yam.; vim tias nws cov hluav taws xob ua tau zoo thiab nws tus kheej nplaim hluav taws kub cov yam ntxwv, nws tau dav siv hauv kev lag luam tawv nqaij ntawm cov xov hlau thiab kab hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, PVC yog dav siv nyob rau hauv thaj chaw muaj kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas xav tau siab rau cov kua qaub thiab alkali tsis kam.
Nco ntsoov siv:
Cov yas ntau hauv cov yas (cov yas, xws li DOP) thiab cov cua sov ua kom muaj cov xim hlau hnyav yuav siv rau hauv PVC ntau lawm, thiab nws yog qhov nyuaj rau tshem tawm qhov muaj cov monomers dawb nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem hluavtaws, uas suav hais tias yog lom. Yog li no, PVC maj mam hloov los ntawm PP thiab PE hauv kev sib cuag nrog tib neeg lub cev, tshwj xeeb hauv kev thov tshuaj thiab zaub mov noj.
PVC yog ib hom yas kub-tiv taus, tsis tuaj yeem siv hauv qhov chaw nrog qhov kub.
4. PP, polypropylene
Cov ntawv tseem ceeb:
PP kuj tseem siv dav, xws li ntim, khoom ua si, cov ntxhua khaub ncaws, cov thoob, cov hangers, khob, fwj, thiab lwm yam; kev siv engineering xws li lub tsheb bumpers, thiab lwm yam PP spun rau hauv cov kab lo lo ntxhuav yog hu ua polypropylene fiber, uas yog muaj ntau hauv cov ntawv, cov ntaub npuag tsis muaj roj, hlua, nuv ntses thiab lwm yam khoom.
Nco ntsoov siv:
PP zoo ib yam li PE hauv kev ua thiab siv cov txheej txheem, thiab yog non-toxic. Qhov kev txaus ntshai tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov quav hauv kev ua thiab kev hloov kho. Hauv tshwj xeeb, vim huab cua tsis zoo tiv thaiv PP, cov neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv kev hnyav uas muaj hlau hnyav yuav tau siv rau hauv ntau lawm. Piv nrog rau cov khoom lag luam PE, PP cov khoom lag luam muaj kev tiv thaiv kub zoo me ntsis. Kev siv qhov kub thiab txias ntawm Teflon lub khob dej tuaj yeem ncav cuag 110 ℃, tab sis qhov kub siab dua, muaj kev phom sij ntawm kev muag thiab yaj, uas yuav tsum zam kom ntau li ntau tau.
5, PS, polystyrene
Cov ntawv tseem ceeb:
Cov khoom lag luam pheej yig pob tshab, ua npuas plastics, CD lub thawv, lub khob ntim dej, thawv ntim khoom noj txom ncauj, cua sov ua cua sov lub hnab thiab lwm yam.
Nco ntsoov siv:
Cov ntaub ntawv raw siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm polystyrene yog tshuaj lom. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim cov txheej txheem tsim nyog, muaj ob peb lub residual monomers ntawm polystyrene, tab sis tam sim no muaj ob peb lub khob dej thiab lwm yam.
Polystyrene yog qhov kub nyhiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog PS tom qab txau. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ua rau muaj kev ua kom muaj kuab lom ntau. Hauv qee qhov xwm txheej hluav taws kub, vim tias siv dav hauv PS pawg thawj coj ua pawg siv los ua cov khoom siv thermal rwb thaiv tsev, cov pa luam yeeb thiab cov pa luam yeeb ua kom muaj kev kub ntxhov ntau ntxiv tom qab qhov hluav taws kub ua qhov tseem ceeb uas ua rau coob leej raug mob.
Cov hauv qab no ua ke ua" lwm tus" cov khoom hauv qhov ntawv pov thawj ID:
6. ABS, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer
Cov ntawv tseem ceeb:
Raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm peb lub ntsiab lus thiab cov qauv sib nqus molecular, ABS tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau hom, uas yog siv dav hauv ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, chaw ua haujlwm cov khoom siv, kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb, lub qhov rooj thiab lub qhov rais kav, thiab lwm yam hauv kev lag luam, ABS feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev hloov kho ntawm lwm yam uas.
Nco ntsoov siv:
ABS yog qhov tsis zoo, tab sis nws feem ntau yog siv hauv cov cuab yeej khoom siv, thiab tsis tshua tau siv hauv cov tais diav ntim txhua hnub.
ABS muaj ntau qhov zoo, tab sis nws tseem muaj cov yeeb yam tseem ceeb ntawm Plastics: tshav kub ua hauj. Tau kawg, nws tuaj yeem ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau kub ntawm kev siv lub plhaub hluav taws xob ib txwm muaj.
7, PA, polyamide
Cov ntawv tseem ceeb:
Qhia lwm lub npe ntawm polyamide: nylon, koj yuav tsum paub nrog nws. Tsev neeg polyamide yog cov muaj zog heev. Tsis muaj teeb meem PA 6, PA 6 6, PA 11 lossis PA 12, txhua tus muaj lub cev thiab tshuaj zoo heev. Qhov no kuj yog vim li cas vim li cas PA siv dav hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob thiab tsheb. Lub neej, nylon hlua, nylon thom khwm kuj yog cov khoom siv heev. Lub xov paj spinning PA hu ua nylon, uas yog siv rau kab nuv ntses, nuv ntses, hlua hlua thiab siv tawv conveyor.
